Lifted jet edge flames: symmetric and non-symmetric configurations

Abstract

The purpose of this work is to demonstrate that there are different stable configurations of lifted edge flames for the same set of parameters. It is shown that when a fuel jet is injected surrounded by oxidizer streams of equal velocity, there are configurations with symmetric and non-symmetric flame structures with respect to the symmetry line of the problem. These two kinds of solutions are both stable and the actual realization of one or another solution depends on the initial conditions, in particular on the flame ignition parameters. It is shown that this multiple solution phenomenon takes place when the fuel Lewis number is less than unity. The influence of the Zel’dovich number and the injection flow rate is also investigated.