Multifunctional HIL Testbench for Hybrid Energy Storage Systems Analysis

Abstract

This paper presents a multifunctional Hardware-inthe- Loop (HIL) testing facility developed by CIEMAT’s Unidad de Accionamientos Eléctricos for analyzing and validating hybrid energy storage systems (HESS). The facility integrates lithium-ion battery systems (Li-BESS), supercapacitors (SCs), and flywheel (FW) storage, alongside a real-time emulation platform. Two distinct case studies are discussed: the HYBRIDHYDRO project, which couples hydroelectric generation with Li-BESS and SCs to mitigate mechanical wear and provide frequency regulation, and the POSEIDON project, examining the hybridization of SCs or FWs with existing Li-BESS in maritime vessels to reduce battery aging. Experimental tests demonstrate that appropriately tuned hybrid configurations effectively reduce mechanical stress in hydroelectric systems and battery aging in maritime applications, highlighting significant technical benefits.